Written By: 

• Pedro Antonio de Alarcon, Spain (1833-1891)

CHARACTERS:

• Uncle Buscabeatas (60 Years old Farmer, Protagonist character)

• Uncle Fulano

Setting:

• This is a short story. The major event of the story begins in Rota, the smallest town in the bay of Cadiz.

Plot:

This story begins in a village. A laborious farmer, Uncle Buscabeatas is the leading character in this story. In his farmland, he grows fruits and vegetables and sells them on the market. He attends every day and takes care of the plants. He loves them too much and also gives them various names. In other words, he loves and looks after those vegetables and fruits like his own children.

He had grown many pumpkins. He took care of those pumpkins and also had planned to sell them in the market. he recognized all of those pumpkins by color, by size, and even by names. one day he planned to sell those pumpkins in the day to come, but 40 of those pumpkins got stolen and he becomes very sad. He knew those pumpkins were transported to the Cardiz market for sale. He reported this case to the market inspector, and on the investigation, they found a vendor selling Uncle Buscabeatas’s pumpkin. The Vendor told them that he bought the pumpkins form Uncle Fulano.

At the right time, Fulano came there. He was trying to get away but the inspector stopped him. He threatened Uncle Buscabetas to prove his claim. uncle Buscabetas brought these pumpkins' stems and start fitting those stems with the pumpkin. All those pumpkins are perfectly fitted with those stems.  All people and the police were persuaded of the ideas of Buscabeatas. Buscabeatas was given 15 pumpkins and Uncle Fulano was sent to jail for the crime he committed.

Message:

If the claim is concrete and based on the truth, then there must be many ways to prove those claims.

This essay was written by Bertrand Russell who was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. In this essay, the writer describes how human beings make a silly error and how can we get rid of those errors. To avoid such silly errors, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will have to take into considerations.

We ourselves must decide that the matter can be settled by observation. He gives a classic example that if Aristotle had counted the teeth of his own wife and only came to a conclusion, he would avoid the mistake of thinking that women had fewer teeth than men. There will be no controversy about these things if he came to a conclusion after an observation.

Many problems are not addressed by observation. When a different perspective is irritating to us, it is a sign of stupid mistakes. whenever we get upset at our own contrary thoughts, we can assume that we are making big mistakes. To indignation at contrary viewpoints means that we are overconfident of ourselves. And this overconfident behavior is indicating some silly mistakes which we are going to be encountered in the near future. 

Another fatal mistake human beings seem to create is a perception of dogmatism. One good way of getting rid of any sort of dogmatism is by making ourselves conscious of views that are different from ours in social circles. Our sense of superiority needs to be very vigilant. Men believe they are superior, women think they are superior but, we must not think ourselves to be superior and supreme. To that, we should strive to realize that mankind is a fleeting event in the life of a tiny planet inside a little universe comer, and there are many other areas in the universe comer which include beings superior to us.

Fear makes another stupid mistake. Indeed, fear is a principal cause of superstition and a significant source of violence. We are on the way to enlightenment if we get rid of it. if we can stop the aforementioned silly mistakes then, we are less likely to be encountered with any sorts of problems.

 The Swan Song is normally the artist's last performance, activity, or work in its respective field before he dies or retires. And it is considered as the artist's greatest success in his / her life. The play was composed by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, a popular Russian writer. The story/play reveals various facets of the human experience and the absurdity of life. In brief, the writer Chekhov reveals by Svietlovidoff the mysterious, secret dimension of the artist/influencer.

1.  Anton Chekov: “The Swan Song” 

• One-Act Play 

1. • Powerful character study of an artist of the theatre 
2. • Svietlovidoff - Protagonist
3. 
   
4.  Svetlovidov’s past Success
5. • Attained greater achievements and success
6. • 40 years as an actor 
7. • Making people laugh through his acting
8. 
   
9. The current position of Svietlovidoff 
10. • Aged, 
11. • Lonely 
12. • abandoned
13. 
    
14. Love of Svietlovidoff 
15. • A Beautiful & Rich woman loved him 
16. • Both wanted to marry each other
17. 
    
18. Leave The Stage
19.  • The girl wished to love an actor 
20. • But refused to be an actor’s wife 
21. • So she requested him to leave the stage
22. 
    
23. Quit the Love 
24. • Svetlovidov loved his profession 
25. • So, he lost his love
26. 
    
27. Who is an Actor
28.  • A plaything, 
29. • An Alien,
30.  • A Dirt &
31.  • Of low social prestige
32. 
    
33. Old Age of an Actor 
34. • “I am Helpless” 
35. • “I am Alone” 
36. • “I have no one”
37. 
    
38. Last Performance 
39. • Unspoken emotions of an actor 
40. • Make people laugh 
41. • But no one to wipe his tears

1.  “Human Life is a Mystery.”

 Carl G. Hempel 's essay "Scientific Inquiry: Invention and Test" is a conceptual structure concerning the essence of science. To explain the structure, Ignaz Semmelweis cited basic studies on childbed fever. In order to figure out the causes of high mortality in the First Maternity Section in the Vienna General Hospital, he proposed the theory and tested it.

To figure out the reasons, he first believed "the influenza effect was the cause of high mortality rates in the first section. Semmelweis used logic to test that hypothesis. He rationalized how this epidemic was restricted to the first division without impacting the second. Why didn't it affect the whole city of Vienna like cholera? Second, overcrowding is thought to have been the cause of high mortality rates.

The number of patients in the two groups was checked. It is noted that in the second division, the number of patients was greater than those of the first division. Third, the commission report in 1846 reported that pediatric fever was caused by the harsh treatment of the patients by the medical students. He argued that the actual reproduction process was more injurious than the students' harsh treatment.

The main concepts for natural science as well as for ordinary circumstances and literary works that can be used are hypotheses and tests which make our propositions true. To investigate the issue in the Vienna General Hospital, Semmelweis pursued the same natural cycle.